Análisis del estado de adopción de la tecnología Blockchain en el sector Fintech y otras industrias

Javier Alexander Jiménez Valbuena, Mariutsi Alexandra Osorio Sanabria, Gina Paola Maestre Góngora

Resumen


La tecnología Blockchain permite la gestión segura e inviolable de transacciones financieras, de datos o de cualquier otro tipo, de forma totalmente confiable y no es necesario contar con la presencia de intermediarios en las transacciones. Esto es tener registros sin registradores, pruebas de datos inmodificables, donde dos conceptos cobran esencial importancia: el primero es la identificación digital soberana que ya es usado en Estonia para los ciudadanos y el segundo concepto hace referencia a contratos inteligentes, que consiste en un programa que ejecuta acciones automatizadas de acuerdo a unas condiciones, reduciendo los trámites administrativos. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es presentar el estado de la aplicación de la tecnología Blockchain en el sector financiero, particularmente Fintech y también otros usos industriales, abarcando las aristas de documentación desde la revisión de literatura, buenas prácticas y casos de uso, buscando la identificación de las brechas actuales que impacte de forma positiva en la mejoría de la adopción tecnológica. Basados en la revisión de literatura se encontró la aplicabilidad que la tecnología Blockchain ha tenido en diferentes sectores como el sector salud, en ingeniería eléctrica, en cadenas de suministros y procesos logísticos, que han mostrado impactos positivos en la reducción de errores presentados en los procesos previos a la implementación de la tecnología, y en el sector financiero el impacto está directamente relacionado con costos, disminuyendo el valor de las transacciones y al mismo tiempo disminuyendo el tiempo cuando estas transacciones se efectúan a nivel internacional.


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